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Frozen Ears, Tail or Limbs
Summary
Frostbite is the cellular destruction of tissues due to extreme cold, and often occurs to extremities such as the ears, tail or limbs.
Frostbite is very rare in healthy adult horses. They usually tolerate extreme cold very well. When it occurs in adults, usually just the tips of the ears are affected. Older horses and ill or debilitated horses that are down for extended periods are more likely to develop frostbite. Frostbite is also more common in donkeys and mules that have longer ears.
Foals born in subzero temperatures or windy, cold and wet conditions may have problems with frozen ears, and occasionally frozen feet or tail. Providing shelter from wind and moisture is the single most important thing you can do. In severe weather, it is best to have your mare foal inside, at least out of the wind and moisture.
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Code Red
Call Your Vet Immediately, Even Outside Business Hours- If the horse seems to be in distress.
- If the problem seems severe, or involves a large area.
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Code Orange
Call Your Vet at Their First Available Office Hours- If the problem seems very mild and limited to a small area.
- If the results of the Whole Horse Exam (WHE) suggest the horse is otherwise normal.
your role
What To Do
If you believe that your foal's ears, tail or limbs are frozen or frostbitten, move them to a sheltered stall or into room temperature, and contact your vet. Assess the foal's general health, attitude and appetite and share your findings and concerns with your vet.What Not To Do
Do not vigorously rub the affected areas as this can worsen the damage. Do not apply any heat to the area, including hot water. Do not encourage excess movement, as this may cause additional pain or damage to the affected tissues.Skills you may need
Procedures that you may need to perform on your horse.
your vet's role
- When do you think the foal was born?
- Do you think that the foal is nursing?
- What are you doing to warm the foal?
- How do you know that your horse has frostbite?
- What are the results of the newborn foal exam?
- What are the results of the Whole Horse Exam (WHE)?
Diagnostics Your Vet May Perform
Figuring out the cause of the problem. These are tests or procedures used by your vet to determine what’s wrong.
Diagnoses Your Vet May Consider
The cause of the problem. These are conditions or ailments that are the cause of the observations you make.
Treatments Your Vet May Recommend
A way to resolve the condition or diagnosis. Resolving the underlying cause or treating the signs of disease (symptomatic treatment)
further reading & resources
Helpful Terms and Topics
Written, reviewed or shared by experts in equine health