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Observation
What you see. The starting point for addressing any equine health related issue is your observation.

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Colt or Stallion: Cannot Feel Testicles, One or Both

Summary

Male horses are usually born with descended testicles. You should be able to feel 2 testicles in the scrotum of most normal colts, even right at birth. This is true for older male horses too.

Stallions can pull up (retract) their testicles to the point that they can be difficult to feel. If one or both testicles cannot be located, the stallion may also have one or two retained (cryptorchid) testicles. In some cases, testicles are just "high", meaning they never fully descended but can still be detected in the inguinal canal by an experienced person. These are known in the industry as "high flankers", "rigs" or "ridgelings".

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your role

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What To Do

First, colts and stallions should allow this area to be touched by a handler. Teach the young male horse to accept this without resistance. Compare the two sides. Can you feel 2 testicles? If not, consult your vet.

What Not To Do

Do not ever allow one testicle to be castrated.

your vet's role

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Vets understand the pertinent anatomy and can determine whether or not a testicle is palpable. If both testicles cannot be felt by a vet and you plan to geld the stallion, a cryptorchid castration may be required, a special procedure that is usually best performed at a surgical facility.

Author: Doug Thal DVM Dipl. ABVP