Post-foaling uterine infection is a relatively common and life-threatening problem for post-partum mares, and often accompanies a retained placenta. In fact, any post-partum mare with these signs has uterine infection until proven otherwise. This problem usually becomes apparent within the first few days after foaling.

Affected mares often have a fever, are depressed and lack an appetite. They may strain to pass orange to brown, sometimes smelly, uterine discharge. Many of these mares are in shock due to toxins from the infected uterus leaking into the blood stream.

Prompt and intense treatments are usually required to save the mare. Treatment involves removal of all placenta, removal of infection by flushing out debris and fluid, and supportive nursing care.

Great attention is focused on preventing laminitis, a common and potentially fatal complication.